The Committee on Financial Inclusion, chaired by Dr. C Rangarajan, Ex-Governor of the Reserve Bank of India in its report (2008) defined financial inclusion as “the process of ensuring access to financial services and timely and adequate credit where needed by vulnerable groups such as weaker sections and low-income groups at an affordable cost.”
The committee recommended the constitution of two funds – Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF) and Financial Inclusion Technology Fund (FITF) with NABARD to meet the costs of various promotional and developmental initiatives that will lead to better credit absorption capacity among the poor and vulnerable sections and for application of technology for facilitating the mandated levels of inclusion.
The FIF and FITF have since been merged into a single Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF) in July 2015. The objective of the FIF is to support “developmental and promotional activities” including creating FI infrastructure across the country, capacity building of various stakeholders, creation of awareness to address demand side issues, enhanced investment in green Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solution, research and transfer of technology, increased technological absorption capacity of financial service providers/users with a view to securing greater financial inclusion.
Corpus and Sources of Funds
The contribution to FIF is made from the interest differential in excess of 0.5% in respect of Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) deposits, Warehousing Infrastructure Fund deposits and Food Processing Fund deposits placed by the Commercial Banks as deposits with NABARD out of priority sector shortfalls. Contribution for GoI schemes/ initiatives, which is monitored by the Sub-Committee of the Advisory Board, is provided by the Government of India.
Governance
The operations, functioning and utilization of FIF are governed by the decisions of the Advisory Board for FIF constituted by the Government of India. A Sub-Committee of Advisory Board governs the GoI funded schemes on Financial Inclusion and its recommendations are submitted to Advisory Board.
Core Functions
(i) Financial Inclusion
- Giving high priority to the agenda of financial inclusion, expanding the scope of various financial literacy activities and coverage of capacity building initiatives through differentiated banks and institutions is a thrust area of Financial Inclusion Fund (FIF).
- Sensitizing the staff of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) and Rural Co-operatives Banks (RCBs) on financial inclusion in a focused manner.
- Training of business correspondents (BCs) / Business Facilitators (BFs) of banks with the support of institutions like the Indian Institute of Banking and Finance (IIBF).
- Providing support to Banks for setting up Financial Literacy Centres and strengthening RSETIs.s
(ii) Banking Technology:
- Providing support to RRBs and CBS-enabled Rural Cooperative Banks for adopting ICT solutions to extend their outreach.
- Encouraging RCBs and RRBs across the country to issue RuPay Kisan Credit Cards to all eligible farmers
- Working towards the goal of developing a cashless ecosystem in rural India by supporting the creation of digital payments acceptance infrastructure.
- Undertaking policy formulation, capacity building and networking with various stakeholders to achieve the above objectives
- Providing support to RRBs and RCBs to on-board various regulatory platforms.
NABARD’s Initiatives
NABARD has supported Financial Literacy efforts through various initiatives keeping in mind its importance to augment demand for financial services, especially for those offered on the digital platform. In addition, in order to augment the supply side of the financial ecosystem, NABARD had facilitated the process for on-boarding of Regional Rural Banks and Rural Co-operative Banks to Core Banking Solution (CBS). Support is also extended to the banks for on-boarding to digital platforms, improving connectivity and meeting regulatory requirements. Some of the major achievements of the Department are:
(i) On-boarding weak RRBs on CBS: Financial Inclusion in India is essentially a bank-led model. A major forward push was given by extending support under the erstwhile FITF to 27 financially-weak RRBs to migrate to CBS to be on par with other RRBs. This helped all RRBs in the country to migrate to the CBS environment.
(ii) On-boarding RCBs on CBS: NABARD has encouraged and supported the process of bringing all the Co-operative Banks onto CBS platform. A special initiative in this regard has facilitated 201 RCBs (14 StCBs and 187 DCCBs) from 16 States & 03 UTs with 6,953 branches to join the “NABARD initiated Project for CBS in Co-operatives”. This initiative was brought together through two vendors viz. TCS and Wipro using for the first time the cloud-based Application Service Provider (ASP) model for RCBs.
(iii) Expansion of Payment Infrastructure: The shift to digital mode of transactions in rural areas is being promoted vigorously by the Government of India.
(iv) Adopting Post CBS Technologies: The banks are expected to adopt new financial technologies in view of the technological and product innovations which can enhance their outreach for greater financial inclusion. Banks have been supported to adopt new post-CBS technologies like BHIM UPI, PFMS, CKYCR, AePS, Green PIN, Bharat Bill Payment System, Positive Pay System, etc..
(v) GOI schemes:
- Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY): Grant assistance for onboarding on PFMS is provided to RCBs under FIF so that their clients can avail the benefits of DBT under various Government schemes. During pandemic period in 2020, NABARD facilitated the transfer of ex-gratia amount of Rs.500/- per month / women account holder for the months of April, May & June 2020 under PMGKY. Under the scheme, 10.69 lakh women PMJDY accounts were credited by 108 RCBs.
- Deployment of 20 Lakh BHIM Aadhaar Pay devices: The scheme envisages to enhance the payment acceptance infrastructure at merchant establishments to enable smooth conduct of digital transactions. An amount of Rs.10,667.46 lakh has been disbursed for deployment of 13,76,463 devices. This scheme was discontinued from 31.03.2021.
- Special scheme for saturation of enrolment of eligible operative PMJDY A/c beneficiaries for Social Security Schemes (SSS) in 117 Aspirational Districts of 28 States was launched from 10 February 2022 to enroll maximum no. of eligible operative PMJDY account holders for social security schemes (PMJJBY & PMSBY) in Aspirational Districts. All Scheduled Commercial Banks including Small Finance Banks and Payment Banks, Regional Rural Banks & Rural Cooperative Banks operating in 117 Aspirational Districts of 28 States are eligible to avail benefits under the scheme. The implementation period of the scheme has been extended upto 31 March 2023.
Additional Information
Contact Information
Shri C Udayabhaskar
Chief General Manager
Department of Financial Inclusion & Banking Technology (DFIBT)
Fourth Floor, ‘E’ Wing
C-24, ‘G’ Block,
Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (East)
Mumbai-400051
Mobile : 7873410781
Telephone : 022-26539724 / 68120045
E-mail Address:dfibt@nabard.org
Information under RTI – Section 4(1)(b)